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How to Replace Window Panes

A cracked window pane is an issue. It could be a chance to upgrade your windows to energy efficient or insulated ones and enjoy advantages like improved comfort, higher resale value and lower utility costs.

You can do it yourself for a a fraction of what it would cost to hire an expert. It requires the right tools and only an hour or two of your time.

Glass

If your single-pane windows are old, deteriorating or broken replacing them with modern glass that is tempered or insulated can improve energy efficiency and reduce noise while maintaining the historical integrity of older homes. Most homeowners with basic hand tools can replace the window pane. In addition to a new pane, the following tools are needed for the replacement window glass process: latex glazing putty glazier's points; pliers; and the use of a heat gun to warm the old putty if required. Before beginning, wear gloves and safety goggles as working with broken glass could cause injuries.

Begin by removing any broken window replacement (you can look here) pieces of glass. It is best to use pliers however a flathead could be useful as well. Then, use a wooden chisel or putty knife to remove the rest of the old putty from the frame and the sash. Be careful not to break the window replacement cost sash. Work slowly and carefully. It is a good idea to do this using a sturdy ladder rather than the ground and have someone stand below the sash to help keep it steady.

Make sure the window frame is ready to accommodate the new pane once you have removed the old putty. Take measurements of the width and height of the opening in the sash by subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). These measurements can be taken to a home center or hardware store to have cut a piece of stock glass to the right size. You can also cut the glass by yourself if you possess the right tools.

After putting the new pane in place after installing the new pane, put a tiny amount of caulking along the edge to seal it against weather. Install a glazier's pointing on both sides of the frame. This will help secure the pane. The points should not be so tight that they create friction between the sash and the frame, but they also shouldn't be too loose.

Before applying the putty on the surface, you must knead it thoroughly until it becomes soft and free of lumps. Roll it into pencil-sized strips. Place the first strip to the corner of the frame, working from one corner to another to ensure it is smooth and even.

Glazier's Points

The glazier’s points are small triangular pieces of metal that help secure the glass into the window frame without damaging the delicate surface. Understanding how to use these tiny helpers is simple and can save you money on a professional installation or the cost of purchasing new glass.

After the old putty as well as the glazier's points have been removed and the frame is thoroughly cleaned with a knife to eliminate any remaining residue. If necessary you can lightly sand the wood along rabbet grooves to smooth out rough spots. If you do sand your wood, make sure to protect it by using painter's tape to prevent accidental damage.

Take the dimensions of the frame and write down accurate measurements. Take these dimensions to an hardware store or home center, and have the new pane made slightly smaller than the frame's opening. This will ensure a tight fit and leave room for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane in the frame and push it in place using your hand. Then, use the tip of your chisel or the back end of the putty knife to tap in the glazier's facets, as shown in Figure 11. The glazier's points should sit flush against the top edge of your pane and the raised shoulders should be just beneath that lip.

Apply a thin layer of glazing compound on the edges of the glass that has been made and into the rabbet grooves to seal and protect them. Let it dry and cure fully.

When the glazing compound is dry it's time to put in the new window sash. First, you need to coat the wood with an even layer of linseed. This will prevent the new putty from drying out and cracking as it absorbs moisture. Apply the coating using a brush this coat, or the point of the blade. Then use the chisel on the back of the putty tool or the back of the putty handle to gently hit the new sash, or glazier's point into grooves of the rabbet. Repeat this process in intervals of 10 inches all around the frame.

Putty

A baseball hit or a rock thrown by error, or a tree falling can cause a broken or cracked window pane. Fortunately, the majority of windows can be easily replaced by simply placing a new piece in place. The glass is held in place with tiny metal clips known as a glazier's point and putty, often called glazing compound. Before installing a replacement pane, first get rid of the old one and clean up the area with a rag and an abrasive scraper that is a pull type or an abrasive wood chisel. Wear safety glasses and gloves while working. If the window is glued to the frame, you'll need to employ a heat gun in order to soften the adhesive prior to cutting it loose.

If you plan to reinstall the original sash, gently remove the molding pieces that hold the old pane in place. Sand the sash until it is flat and ready to receive new caulk. Once the sash is installed, apply a new silicone caulk to the glass to ensure that it doesn't swell or fade as time passes.

Take out the glazing points in the rabbets. These are the grooves on the sash where the glass is located. If they're difficult to cut out, try placing an instrument like a heat gun to soften them up first. If you're using a heated gun, make sure not to damage the sash or its railings by using the tool too closely.

Once the old glaze points and putty have been removed, make a bed for the new pane. Roll a piece of glazing compound between your hands, shaping it to be about 1/2-inch thick. Press it into the rabbets where the glass will be placed. It is essential that the glass sits on the putty in all places on both sides, so if you need to, lightly tap the glass into the rabbet with your thumb.

If the new pane is cracked, you can cover it with a solvent-based glass glue or silicone caulk prior to pressing it into the sash. In other cases, you'll need to putty over the crack to create an airtight seal and keep water out. After the putty has dried clean the oily film from the glass and allow it to dry completely before painting. If you paint before the putty has completely dry, it won't create a strong seal and may discolor or leak in time.

Paint

You may be concerned about replacing a broken piece of glass. It's true that replacing a single pane of glass doesn't need to be costly even if you do it your own. In fact even windows with double panes can be replaced at less than the cost of an expert.

If you are working with large glass windows first, ensure that it is securely attached to the frame. This is relatively easy and fast using the proper tools and techniques.

When you are ready to begin, remove the old window pane. Remove the glazing points made of metal that are attached to it. These are tiny metal triangles which act as "nails", holding the window seal replacement in the frame. They are placed beneath a layer of glazing putty that hardens into a solid, molded wedge that holds the window firmly in place and hides the edges.

After removal of the old pane clean the frame and wood. Scrape away any old paint and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points used to be. These should be sanded down to the point of being bare, to allow you to paint them the same color as the rest the frame. After sanding the wood, apply a layer of flax oil. This will help to extend its life.

The next step is to determine the width of the window opening. You will need to take vertical and horizontal measurements of the entire opening as well as the thickness of the old pane. To get the exact size of the new pane, subtract 1/8 inch from both measurements. This will allow for seasonal changes in the glass. Take these measurements to the hardware or home improvement store and have cut the glass for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.