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High Grown Arabica Coffee Beans

Arabica coffee beans have distinct flavor profiles. Arabica is more susceptible to pests and disease than its low-elevation counterpart, Robusta.

The arabica variety that is high-grown is the most sought-after by specialty roasters and high-end coffee shops. What makes this coffee so unique? Scientists have identified the reason the reason is altitude.

High Altitudes

Coffee has a long tradition that stretches from Ethiopia to Yemen and lower Africa. It is now a significant part of the production world. Although low-elevation beans are economically viable and is a major component of the instant brews sold in grocery stores, serious coffee lovers look for specialty arabicas that are grown at higher altitudes to produce an even more complex flavor profile.

Mountainous regions in the world's top coffee-producing countries, such as Central and South America, Southern Asia, a few Pacific Islands and mid-to-southern Africa are ideal for the cultivation of high-quality arabica beans. These high-elevation climates are frost free and provide a pleasantly warm climate with a perfect annual average temperature of 64 to 73 degrees Fahrenheit.

Cooler temperatures in the mountains slow down the coffee plant's growth cycle and permit a longer maturation process. The coffee beans are able to absorb flavors from the environment, giving them a unique flavor. The longer maturation period helps stop the coffee bean borer which is a tiny beetle that feeds on the beans. It also helps keep out the coffee leaf miner, a moth, that inhibits photosynthesis, and can reduce productivity.

Combining these elements creates a superior flavor profile and taste when compared to coffees that are grown at lower elevations. Coffee grown higher up has higher levels of sweet flavors, such as fruit, citrus and vanilla. It's also more rich and more smooth than coffee grown lower. The consistency, sweetness, and depth of flavor make it the preferred bean for roasters seeking to produce an exceptionally top-quality cup of joe.

High-grown arabica is usually called strictly high-grown (SHG) or strictly hard bean (SHB), meaning that the coffee is grown at a higher altitude than 4,000 feet. The beans are typically cultivated on volcanic soils, and they are shade-grown or organically cultivated. This enhances their already impressive flavor. Because these beans develop and mature more slowly than those with lower elevation and are therefore heavier, resulting in a stronger cup with a more intense and consistent flavor. This unique quality makes SHG or SHB arabica a great choice for roasters who want to make the perfect cup of coffee. is exceptional.

Cool Climate

The tropical zone that stretches across the tropical regions of Cancer and Capricorn known as the coffee belt is one of the most sought-after coffee growing regions. High-quality arabica coffee beans are grown in these mountainous regions where the cool climate and high altitudes provide the ideal conditions for the plant to thrive.

Arabica plants can withstand a variety of climate conditions, but their optimal development occurs in subtropical regions with cool nights and warm days. This unique climate enables the plant to develop unique flavours that express freedom. These flavors are what makes coffee so distinctive.

While the low-elevation varieties of coffee that line the instant coffee aisle of your local grocery store can grow quickly, aficionados and experts alike recognize that these varieties are less bitter and flavorful than specialty coffee beans grown at higher elevations. In reality the majority of the coffee consumed around the world is high-elevation.

The best direct trade arabica coffee beans coffee beans tend to be cultivated between 3,500 to 6,500 feet above sea level. These beans are delicious because of the combination of high elevation and cool climate, as well as fertile soil.

Coffee farmers are always on the lookout to find the ideal soil conditions for growing high-quality arabica plants. Ideally, the soil should be rich in humus with a well-draining texture. This type of soil is ideal for arabica plants, since it encourages healthy roots and helps to prevent the spread of the risk of developing plant diseases.

Coffee farms prefer an environment that is cool and has a distinct dry season. These conditions allow the plants to grow more slowly and produce a denser and more flavorful coffee.

Well-Drained Soil

Contrary to the low-elevation varieties that are grown for mass production and lining the aisles of grocery stores, the high grown arabica coffee beans are coveted by aficionados due to their rich and exquisite flavor. The coffee trees are sheltered by tall canopy trees and the volcanic soil is abundant in nutrients. This provides the ideal conditions for growing these special beans. The soil is able to allow the roots to absorb the nutrients they require, but it also drains quickly to prevent stagnant puddles of water that limit the growth of the root and oxygen intake.

The Arabian coffee plant has a long taproot, and shallow fibrous roots which spread outwards between 3 and 4 ft. (0.9-1.2m). The flowers are small, white, and sweet and are often referred to as cherries. The drupes are double-seeded and ready to ripen when they turn they are purple or red. The arabica plant is self-fertile and does not require cross pollination to set fruit.

The cooler climate at higher elevations slows the development of the coffee plant which allows it to mature more slowly. This allows the beans to develop deeper flavors. This translates to a richer, more complex taste that is much more potent than lower-elevation coffees.

At these high altitudes, temperatures are colder, and the atmosphere more humid. The cooler climate is perfect for the sensitive growth of the coffee plant and helps to ward off the spread of pests and diseases that plague lower-elevation plants.

Due to the unique soil and climate characteristics, high-altitude farms are able to produce more beans than those that are located at lower altitudes. You will find these superior beans at specialty cafes and in premium coffee roasters.

If you are planning to grow your own arabica plant be aware of the requirements of your particular plant and select a soil mix that aligns with these requirements. Avoid commercial mixes that may be too heavy in ingredients and don't allow the roots of your arabica plant to flourish. Include compost or other organic arabica coffee beans matter to increase the retention of water, without creating a concrete-like appearance. Water your plant only when the soil is dry to the touch. Avoid drowning or over-watering, which could cause root rot.

Unique Flavors

The unique flavor profile of arabica beans makes them highly sought-after. They are more rich and complex in flavor than other coffees. They have notes of fruit, flowers, caramel and chocolate. The care taken in growing and roasting produces a smoother, sweeter taste. These beans are also less acidic and contain less caffeine than other varieties. They are also less bitter and more enjoyable to drink.

Arabica beans are grown in mountains of the world that are part of the Coffee Belt, a tropical band that spans 30 degrees north and south of the equator. This is where the finest quality beans are grown. The coffee plants are planted in volcanic soils and other fertile soils which produce small fruit, also known as coffee cherries.