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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Traditional treatments often fall short in providing complete symptom relief, leading some patients to explore alternative therapies, including medical cannabis. Clinical Evidence Recent studies have investigated the potential benefits of cannabis in managing IBD symptoms: Symptom Relief: A 2019 prospective observational study assessed the effects of licensed cannabis use among 127 IBD patients.

The study found that cannabis use led to clinical improvement, reduced medication use, and slight weight gain, without negative effects on patients' social or occupational status. LIPPINCOTT JOURNALS Quality of Life: A 2022 analysis from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry evaluated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adverse events in IBD patients prescribed cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs). The study reported improvements in HRQoL, suggesting potential benefits of CBMPs in IBD management.

TAYLOR & FRANCIS ONLINE Clinical Outcomes: A 2024 population-based longitudinal cohort study examined the impact of cannabis use on clinical outcomes in IBD patients. The study found that cannabis use was associated with increased risks of corticosteroid and opioid use, emergency department visits, and x-products hospitalizations, but not with an increased risk of IBD-related surgery or death. OXFORD ACADEMIC Mechanisms of Action Cannabinoids, particularly cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), interact with the endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in regulating inflammation and gastrointestinal function.

This interaction may help alleviate symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea. MDPI Considerations and Recommendations While some studies suggest that medical cannabis may improve IBD symptoms and quality of life, evidence regarding its impact on inflammation and disease progression remains inconclusive. Patients considering cannabis for IBD management should consult healthcare professionals to discuss potential benefits and risks. Further research, including randomized controlled trials, is necessary to establish the efficacy and safety of cannabis in IBD treatment.

In summary, medical cannabis shows promise in alleviating certain IBD symptoms and enhancing quality of life. However, its role in reducing inflammation and altering disease progression requires further investigation.